The annual unemployment rate stood at 17.2 percent, indicating that roughly for 6 persons in the labour force there was one person unemployed.
The working age population (16 years and above) was 8,071,962 of which 4,783,668 persons (59.3 percent) were in the labour force, while 3,288,293 persons were outside the labour force.
The unemployment rate was higher among females (20.3 percent) than among males (14.5 percent) and higher among youth (20.8 percent) than among adults (14.6 percent). It was high in the rural areas than urban areas (18.0 and 15.8 percent respectively).
For those in the labour force, 3,958,817 persons were employed, while 824,851 persons were unemployed. Among those outside the labour force, 1,390,525 persons were engaged wholly or mostly in subsistence foodstuff production, not classified as employment according to the 2013 international standards on statistics of work, employment and labour underutilization
In 2023, there were about 3,269,809 employed persons in the informal sector, corresponding to about 82.5 percent of total employment and most of them were male. There were in total 3,575,893 persons with informal employment at main job constituting almost 90.3 percent of total employment. The results also show that there were 182,179 persons with informal jobs in formal sector.